Renewable Electric Energy Integration: Quantifying the Value of Design of Markets for International Transmission Capacity

Integrating large quantities of supply-driven renewable electricity generation remains a political and operational challenge. One of the main obstacles in Europe to installing at least 200 GWs of power from variable renewable sources is how to deal with the insufficient network capacity and the congestion that will result from new flow patterns. We model the current methodology for controlling congestion at international borders and compare its results, under varying penetrations of wind power, with a model that simulates an integrated European network that utilises nodal/localised marginal pricing. The nodal pricing simulations illustrate that congestion - and price - patterns vary considerably between wind scenarios and within countries, and that a nodal price regime could make fuller use of existing EU network capacity, introducing substantial operational cost savings and reducing marginal power prices in the majority of European countries.Power market design, renewable power integration, congestion management, transmission economics

Synthesis of anthraquinone derivatives by palladium-catalyzed coupling of triflates with stannanes

The palladium-catalyzed coupling of hydroxyanthraquinone triflates with stannanes provides an efficient entry into substituted anthraquinones under neutral conditions.This work was supported by the SEUI (Project 87090 to M.C.P. and F.F.), the DGICFT (Project PB87-0201-C-03-02 to A. M. E.), and by the Ministerio de Educación Ciencia (Fellowships to P.N. and N.T.).Peer Reviewe

El colapso de tensión: causas y soluciones (II/II)

El colapso de tensiones constituye uno de los fenómenos más estudiados en los sistemas de energía eléctrica durante los últimos años. El colapso de tensiones está íntimamente relacionado con el estudio de la estabilidad de tensiones. Pese a que la estabilidad de tensiones es un fenómeno de naturaleza fundamentalmente dinámica, se puede medir el grado de inestabilidad de las tensiones de un sistema de energía eléctrica utilizando un modelo estático. Esta serie de artículos realiza una recapitulación de los conceptos básicos asociados a la estabilidad de tensiones desde el análisis de las ecuaciones estáticas. En el primero de estos artículos se analiza el fenómeno del colapso de tensiones: qué es y cómo se mide su proximidad. En el segundo artículo se aborda el problema de cómo mejorar la estabilidad de las tensiones de un sistema alejándolo del punto de colapso. En ambos artículos se ilustran los conceptos con un caso realista en el que el sistema eléctrico peninsular español se encuentra próximo al colapso de tensiones

Renewable Electric Energy Integration: Quantifying the Value of Design of Markets for International Transmission Capacity

Integrating large quantities of supply‐driven renewable electricity generation remains a political and operational challenge. One of the main obstacles in Europe to installing at least 200 GWs of power from variable renewable sources is how to deal with the insufficient network capacity and the congestion that will result from new flow patterns. We model the current methodology for controlling congestion at international borders and compare its results, under varying penetrations of wind power, with a model that simulates an integrated European network that utilises nodal/localised marginal pricing. The nodal pricing simulations illustrate that congestion – and price – patterns vary considerably between wind scenarios and within countries, and that a nodal price regime could make fuller use of existing EU network capacity, introducing substantial operational cost savings and reducing marginal power prices in the majority of European countries